October 2, 2019

Oliver P. Peoples
President and Chief Executive Officer
Yield10 Bioscience, Inc.
19 Presidential Way
Woburn, MA 01801

       Re: Yield10 Bioscience, Inc.
           Registration Statement on Form S-1
           Filed September 9, 2019
           File No. 333-233683

Dear Dr. Peoples:

       We have limited our review of your registration statement to those
issues that we have
addressed in our comments. In some of our comments we may ask you to provide us
information so that we may better understand your disclosure.

       Please respond to this letter by amending your registration statement
and providing the
requested information. If you do not believe that our comments apply to your
facts and
circumstances or do not believe that an amendment is appropriate, please tell
us why in your
response.

       After reviewing any amendment to your registration statement and the
information you
provide in response to these comments, we may have additional comments.

Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed September 9, 2019

General

1.     Please file all non-Rule 430A information and all required exhibits not
included in the
       initial registration statement.
        We remind you that the company and its management are responsible for
the accuracy
and adequacy of their disclosures, notwithstanding any review, comments,
action, or absence of
action by the staff.

       Refer to Rules 460 and 461 regarding requests for acceleration. Please
allow adequate
time for us to review any amendment before the requested effective date of the
registration
statement.
 Oliver P. Peoples
Yield10 Bioscience, Inc.
October 2, 2019
Page 2

       Please contact Edward M. Kelly, Senior Counsel, at (202) 551-3728 or Jay
E. Ingram,
Legal Branch Chief, at (202) 551-3397 with any questions.



FirstName LastNameOliver P. Peoples                      Sincerely,
Comapany NameYield10 Bioscience, Inc.
                                                         Division of
Corporation Finance
October 2, 2019 Page 2                                   Office of
Manufacturing
FirstName LastName